India’s Changing Dates with Replacement Fertility: a Review of Recent Fertility Trends and Future Prospects
نویسنده
چکیده
In 1952, India became the first country in the World to launch a family planning programme aimed at reducing population growth. But since then, as one keen observer had aptly put it, it has been “a saga of great expectations and poor performance” (Srinivasan, 1998). The overly optimistic demographic goals that have been set in various planned documents and policy statements have been continuously put off to the extent that such statements now fail to enthuse anyone. Spurred by the unprecedented growth of population recorded by the 1961 Census, a goal of reaching a crude birth rate of 25 per 1,000 in 1972 was set. This goal has not been attained even by 2002. Since the 1980s, it has become a practice to set goals in terms of net reproduction rate (NRR). Accordingly in 1981, the goal of reaching NRR of one was set for the year 2000. In plan documents this goal was postponed to 2006-11 in the mid 1980s, and further to 2011-16 in the beginning of 1990s. Interestingly, the National Population Policy announced in 2000, perhaps to underscore the renewed commitment to population stabilization, had advanced the date to the year 2010!
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